What are Short-Term Rental (Airbnb, VRBO) Regulations in Fairfield, Connecticut?

Short-term rentals, such as those listed on Airbnb and VRBO, have become increasingly popular in recent years. However, many cities and towns have implemented regulations to address concerns about noise, parking, and the impact on housing affordability. Fairfield, Connecticut is one such town that has specific rules governing short-term rentals.

Starting a Short-Term Rental Business in Fairfield

According to Fairfield's zoning regulations, short-term rentals of less than 30 days are prohibited. The town requires rental properties to obtain a Certificate of Rental Occupancy, which is tenant-based and requires a new application for each new tenant.

In 2021, Fairfield's Planning and Zoning Commission approved the construction of "tiny houses" on properties, but with several restrictions. These accessory dwelling units cannot be larger than 1,500 square feet or 40% of the main house's square footage (whichever is smaller). Importantly, these units cannot be rented for less than 60 days and are specifically prohibited from being used as short-term rentals like Airbnb.

Fairfield's stance on short-term rentals has been a topic of discussion on real estate forums. One Reddit user noted that the 60-day minimum rental period and prohibition on Airbnb-style rentals could lead to parking issues, as a property with a main house and a "tiny house" could potentially have 4-7 adults with their own vehicles.

The town's strict regulations reflect broader concerns about the impact of short-term rentals on communities. In March 2024, Connecticut lawmakers considered a bill that would allow municipalities to establish ordinances limiting the use of short-term rental properties. While the bill would give towns the option to change their policies rather than mandating action, it highlights the ongoing debate over how to balance the benefits and drawbacks of short-term rentals.

For those considering starting a short-term rental business in Fairfield, it's crucial to carefully review the town's zoning regulations and ordinances. Failure to comply with the 30-day minimum rental period and obtain proper permits could result in fines and legal issues. As always, consulting with a local real estate attorney can help navigate the complex landscape of short-term rental regulations.

Short-Term Rental Licensing Requirements in Fairfield

According to the Town of Fairfield's official website, short-term rentals (less than 30 days) are prohibited under the current zoning regulations. However, all rental properties, regardless of the length of the lease, must obtain a Certificate of Rental Occupancy (CRO) from the Health Department.

To apply for a CRO, landlords must:

• Complete the Certificate of Rental Occupancy application form
• Pay the required fee (amount not specified on the website)
• Schedule an inspection with the Health Department

Certificates are tenant-based, meaning a new application and inspection are required for each new tenant. To schedule an inspection or ask questions about the process, landlords should contact the Health Department at 203-256-3020 and speak with a Sanitarian.

The Town of Fairfield's website does not provide information on the typical processing time for CRO applications. It also does not specify fines or penalties for renting a property without a valid CRO.

However, according to the Connecticut State Statutes, violations of building codes and permits can result in fines up to $1,000 and possible imprisonment. It is the homeowner's responsibility to ensure their contractors have the necessary permits.

In summary, while short-term rentals are currently not allowed in Fairfield, all rental properties must obtain a Certificate of Rental Occupancy from the Health Department. Landlords should be aware of this requirement and the potential penalties for non-compliance.

Required Documents for Fairfield Short-Term Rentals

As previously mentioned, short-term rentals of less than 30 days are prohibited in Fairfield, Connecticut under the current zoning regulations. However, all rental properties, regardless of the length of the lease, must obtain a Certificate of Rental Occupancy (CRO) from the Health Department.

To apply for a CRO, landlords must submit the following:

1. Certificate of Rental Occupancy Application Form: This form, available on the Town of Fairfield's website, collects basic information about the rental property, including the address, owner's contact information, and the number of units.
2. Payment of Required Fee: The Town of Fairfield's website does not specify the exact fee amount for the CRO application. Landlords should contact the Health Department for the current fee schedule.
3. Inspection Scheduling: After submitting the application and fee, landlords must schedule an inspection with the Health Department. The purpose of the inspection is to ensure the rental property meets health and safety standards. To schedule an inspection, landlords should call the Health Department at 203-256-3020 and speak with a Sanitarian.

It's important to note that CROs are tenant-based, meaning a new application and inspection are required for each new tenant. Landlords must repeat this process every time a new tenant moves into the rental property.

While the Town of Fairfield's website does not provide information on additional required documents for the CRO application, landlords should be prepared to provide proof of ownership, such as a deed or property tax bill, if requested by the Health Department.

In summary, although short-term rentals are not permitted in Fairfield, all rental properties must obtain a Certificate of Rental Occupancy by submitting an application, paying the required fee, and scheduling an inspection with the Health Department. Landlords should contact the Health Department directly for the most up-to-date information on the CRO application process and requirements.

Fairfield Short-Term Rental Taxes

Short-term rental operators in Fairfield, Connecticut are subject to several state and local taxes. Understanding these taxes is crucial for hosts to ensure compliance and avoid penalties.

Connecticut Room Occupancy Tax: The state of Connecticut imposes a 15% room occupancy tax on short-term rentals of 30 days or less. This tax applies to the total rental rate, including any cleaning or service fees paid by guests. Hosts are required to collect this tax from guests and remit it to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services.

Fairfield Property Tax: In addition to the state room occupancy tax, short-term rental properties in Fairfield are subject to local property taxes. The current mill rate for the 2023 tax year is 27.51, which equates to a tax rate of 2.751% of the assessed value. The assessed value is typically 70% of the appraised (fair market) value. For example, a property with an assessed value of $300,000 would owe $8,253 in annual property taxes.

It's important to note that if a short-term rental is facilitated through a booking platform like Airbnb or Vrbo, and if these platforms are registered with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services and collect all occupancy tax for the rentals, individual hosts are not required to register or remit these taxes separately.

Income Tax: Short-term rental income is also subject to federal and state income tax. These taxes are paid by the host out of their own pocket, typically filed once a year by the April 15 deadline. The tax rate depends on the host's total taxable income and filing status.

Potential Tax Deductions: Hosts operating a short-term rental in Fairfield can take advantage of several tax deductions to offset their income tax liability. These may include:

1. Airbnb commissions and fees
2. Mortgage interest
3. Insurance premiums
4. Property taxes
5. Utilities (electricity, water, internet, etc.)
6. Cleaning and maintenance costs
7. Supplies provided to guests
8. Depreciation of furniture and equipment

It's crucial to keep accurate records and consult with a tax professional to ensure all eligible deductions are claimed. By understanding the applicable taxes and taking advantage of available deductions, short-term rental hosts in Fairfield can optimize their tax strategy and maximize their rental income.

Connecticut Wide Short-Term Rental Rules

While there is no comprehensive statewide legislation for short-term rentals in Connecticut as of 2024, hosts in Fairfield and throughout the state must comply with the Connecticut room occupancy tax. This tax applies to rentals of 30 days or less and is set at 15% of the total payment received for the occupancy of the room(s).

In addition to the state room occupancy tax, Connecticut lawmakers are considering a bill (Bill 335) that would give municipalities more authority to regulate short-term rentals. If passed, this bill would allow cities and towns to establish ordinances governing short-term rental properties, such as zoning restrictions, guest occupancy limits, and parking requirements.

The proposed legislation comes in response to complaints from residents in various Connecticut communities about noise, parking, and other issues caused by short-term rental guests. While the bill would not require municipalities to take action, it would provide a framework for those wishing to regulate the growing short-term rental industry.

It's important for Fairfield hosts to stay informed about any potential changes to state laws and regulations that may affect their short-term rental business. As the legislative landscape evolves, hosts should also remain vigilant about complying with local ordinances and zoning requirements, as these can vary significantly from one municipality to another.

Some common requirements for short-term rental operators in Connecticut include obtaining zoning permits, adhering to specific rules regarding the frequency and length of rentals, occupancy restrictions, and safety requirements. Failure to comply with state and local regulations can result in fines and other penalties.

In summary, while there is currently no comprehensive statewide legislation for short-term rentals in Connecticut, Fairfield hosts must collect and remit the state's 15% room occupancy tax for stays of 30 days or less. As the state considers granting more regulatory authority to municipalities, hosts should closely monitor any changes at both the state and local levels to ensure compliance and protect their short-term rental business.

Does Fairfield Strictly Enforce STR Rules?

Fairfield, Connecticut is known for its strict enforcement of short-term rental regulations, making it one of the least Airbnb-friendly cities in the state. The town's zoning laws explicitly prohibit rentals of less than 30 days, and local authorities are diligent in ensuring compliance.

According to discussions on real estate forums like BiggerPockets, Fairfield's stringent rules and active enforcement have effectively deterred most hosts from operating short-term rentals in the town. In a thread discussing the potential for short-term rentals in Fairfield County, a user noted that they "don't know much about the AirBnB or mid-term rental market in Fairfield County," suggesting that the town's restrictive policies have limited the growth of the short-term rental industry.

Furthermore, Fairfield's recent approval of "tiny houses" on properties came with a clear stipulation that these units cannot be rented for less than 60 days and are specifically prohibited from being used as short-term rentals like Airbnb. This decision, discussed on the Connecticut subreddit, demonstrates the town's commitment to preventing the proliferation of short-term rentals.

Compared to other cities in Connecticut and across the United States, Fairfield stands out as a municipality that strictly enforces its short-term rental rules. While some hosts in other cities may operate despite regulations, the consensus among real estate investors and online communities is that Fairfield's enforcement is effective in discouraging hosts from violating the town's laws.

In conclusion, Fairfield, Connecticut is not an Airbnb-friendly city, and its strict enforcement of short-term rental rules has resulted in a limited presence of such properties within the town. Hosts are unlikely to operate in Fairfield despite the rules, as the risk of penalties and legal consequences outweighs the potential benefits.

How to Start a Short-Term Rental Business in Fairfield

Starting a short-term rental business in Fairfield, Connecticut can be a challenging endeavor due to the town's strict regulations. However, with careful planning and adherence to local laws, it is possible to establish a successful rental property. Follow these steps to get started:

1. Understand the Regulations: Before investing in a rental property, thoroughly review Fairfield's zoning laws and regulations regarding short-term rentals. Currently, rentals of less than 30 days are prohibited, and all rental properties must obtain a Certificate of Rental Occupancy (CRO) from the Health Department. Familiarize yourself with the requirements and restrictions to ensure compliance.
2. Choose a Suitable Property: Look for a property that meets Fairfield's zoning requirements and has the potential to attract long-term tenants (30 days or more). Consider factors such as location, amenities, and the condition of the property. Keep in mind that "tiny houses" on properties cannot be used as short-term rentals and must be rented for a minimum of 60 days.
3. Obtain Necessary Permits and Certificates: Apply for a Certificate of Rental Occupancy (CRO) from the Fairfield Health Department. Complete the application form, pay the required fee, and schedule an inspection. Remember that CROs are tenant-based, so you'll need to repeat this process for each new tenant. Ensure that your property passes all required inspections to obtain a Certificate of Occupancy.
4. Prepare the Property: Once you have the necessary permits and certificates, prepare the property for tenants. Make any necessary repairs or upgrades, and furnish the space to create a comfortable and inviting environment. Consider hiring a professional cleaning service to maintain a high standard of cleanliness between tenants.
5. Set Competitive Rates: Research the local long-term rental market to determine competitive rates for your property. Keep in mind that you'll need to price your rental attractively to secure tenants for stays of 30 days or more, as short-term rentals are not allowed in Fairfield.
6. Market Your Rental: Advertise your rental property on popular websites. Highlight the property's best features, amenities, and proximity to local attractions. Be transparent about the minimum rental period and any other relevant regulations to attract suitable tenants.
7. Screen Tenants: Develop a thorough tenant screening process to find reliable, long-term renters. Request applications, conduct background checks, and verify employment and income. Having a clear and consistent screening process will help protect your investment and minimize potential issues.
8. Manage the Property: Once you have secured a tenant, establish clear communication channels and be responsive to their needs. Consider hiring a property management company to handle maintenance, repairs, and tenant relations if you don't have the time or expertise to do so yourself.
9. Stay Informed: Keep abreast of any changes to Fairfield's rental regulations and zoning laws. Attend local town meetings or join a local landlord association to stay informed about any updates that may affect your business.

By following these steps and adhering to Fairfield's regulations, you can establish a successful long-term rental business in the town. Remember to prioritize compliance, maintain a high-quality property, and provide excellent service to your tenants to build a positive reputation and ensure the longevity of your rental business.

Who to Contact in Fairfield about Short-Term Rental Regulations and Zoning?

If you have questions about short-term rental regulations or zoning in Fairfield, Connecticut, there are several key contacts and resources available:

Fairfield Health Department: For questions about the Certificate of Rental Occupancy (CRO) application process, fees, and inspections, contact the Health Department at 203-256-3020 and ask to speak with a Sanitarian.

Fairfield Town Plan & Zoning Department: For inquiries related to zoning regulations, permitted uses, and development standards, contact the Town Plan & Zoning Department at 203-256-3050. The department is located at:

1. Sullivan Independence Hall
2. 725 Old Post Road
3. Fairfield, CT 06824
4. Counter hours are Monday through Friday, 8:30 am to 10:30 am.

Fairfield Zoning Enforcement Officer: If you have specific questions about your property's zoning compliance or need to initiate a variance application process, contact Fairfield's Zoning Enforcement Officer at the Town Plan & Zoning Department (contact information above).

In addition to these official contacts, there are several online communities and resources that Fairfield short-term rental hosts may find useful:

BiggerPockets Fairfield, CT Forum: This forum on the popular real estate investing platform BiggerPockets has discussions specific to Fairfield, CT, including topics related to short-term rentals and local regulations.

Fairfield County Real Estate Forum: This annual event, organized by the Greater Norwalk Chamber of Commerce, brings together real estate professionals and investors to discuss trends and issues in the Fairfield County market. While not specifically focused on short-term rentals, it may provide valuable networking opportunities and insights.

City-Data Fairfield, CT Forum: The City-Data forums have several threads related to living and investing in Fairfield, CT. While not exclusively focused on short-term rentals, these discussions can provide helpful context about the local market and regulations.

By contacting the appropriate Fairfield officials and engaging with these online communities, short-term rental hosts can stay informed about the latest regulations, zoning requirements, and market trends in the town.

What Do Airbnb Hosts in Fairfield on Reddit and Bigger Pockets Think about Local Regulations?

Discussions on Reddit and BiggerPockets reveal that Fairfield, Connecticut hosts have concerns and questions about the town's strict short-term rental regulations. Here are a few relevant experiences and comments from verified threads:

Reddit - r/Connecticut: In a thread titled "Fairfield Planning and Zoning approves construction," a user noted that the town's approval of "tiny houses" on properties came with a clear stipulation that these units cannot be rented for less than 60 days and are specifically prohibited from being used as short-term rentals like Airbnb. This decision demonstrates Fairfield's commitment to limiting the growth of short-term rentals in the town.

BiggerPockets Forum: In a thread titled "Fairfield, CT Meet-up," a user mentioned that they had heard Fairfield instituted some regulations on short-term rentals but couldn't find specific information. They asked if anyone was familiar with the rules for STRs in Fairfield, indicating a lack of clarity around the town's policies.

Reddit - r/Connecticut: In a discussion about moving to Connecticut, a user recommended avoiding living in Bridgeport and suggested Fairfield as a better option, citing its "cute downtown" and "younger vibe" due to the presence of colleges. While not directly related to short-term rentals, this comment suggests that Fairfield may be an attractive location for potential Airbnb guests.

BiggerPockets Forum: In a thread about adding bedrooms to a property in Bridgeport, Connecticut, a user mentioned their plan to rent the property to college students at Sacred Heart University in Fairfield. Although the discussion focused on the legal requirements for adding bedrooms, it highlights the demand for rental properties near universities in the area.

These discussions indicate that Fairfield hosts are aware of the town's restrictive short-term rental regulations and are seeking clarity on the specific rules. The town's recent decision to prohibit "tiny houses" from being used as Airbnb-style rentals further underscores the challenging regulatory environment for hosts in Fairfield.

Disclaimer: While we here at BNBCalc strive to keep all of our city regulation guides updated and accurate with all the latest local laws, we still do not suggest using them as your sole or primary source for local regulations. We also do not recommend you rely on the third-party sources we link to or reference, and we are not responsible for any of the information on these third-party sites. These guides are for entertainment purposes only and only provide basic information and should not be considered as legal advice.

We highly recommend directly contacting the responsible parties for each city and hearing what their officials have to say. Ultimately, it's your responsibility as an investor to ensure you fully comply with the local laws, and it's best to speak with professionals before making an investment decision.